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Objective: To investigate the associations between the numbers of healthy lifestyles and overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity in adult twins in Shanghai. Methods: Based on the Shanghai Twin Registry System Phase Ⅱ survey data in 2017-2018, a case-control study was conducted to analyze the association between healthy lifestyles and obesity and further adjusted for confounders by a co-twin control study. Results: A total of 7 864 adult twins (3 932 pairs) were included. In the co-twin case-control analysis for monozygotic twins, compared with participants with 0 to 2 healthy lifestyles, those with 3 and 4 to 5 healthy lifestyles had a 49% (OR=0.51, 95%CI: 0.28-0.93) and 70% (OR=0.30, 95%CI: 0.13-0.69) lower risk of overweight/obesity, respectively, and a 17% (OR=0.83, 95%CI: 0.44-1.57) and 66% (OR=0.34, 95%CI: 0.14-0.80) lower risk of abdominal obesity, respectively. For each additional healthy lifestyle, the risk of developing overweight/obesity was reduced by 41% (OR=0.59, 95%CI: 0.42-0.85), and the risk of developing abdominal obesity was reduced by 37% (OR=0.63, 95%CI: 0.44-0.90). Conclusion: An increasing number of healthy lifestyles was associated with a marked decreased risk for both overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity.
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Adult , Humans , Case-Control Studies , China/epidemiology , Healthy Lifestyle , Obesity/epidemiology , Obesity, Abdominal/epidemiology , Overweight/epidemiology , Twins, MonozygoticABSTRACT
Objective: To explore the problems and experience in the prevention and control of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by analyzing the path from its discovery to its diagnosis in Shaanxi Province. Methods: We collected the important data of COVID-19 epidemic situation in Shaanxi Province as of March 26, 2020, the trajectory of the diagnosed cases, contact history, close contacts and other important information for a descriptive epidemiological analysis. Results: Totally 72.65% (178/245) of the confirmed COVID-19 cases in Shaanxi Province were not in isolation or management at the time of onset, which resulted in an infection rate of 1.37% in close-knit populations. The duration between the onset of local COVID-19 cases in Shaanxi and the delay in confirmed diagnosis was relatively long (6.30 days), and the mean incubation period was 7.27 days. The delay time (7.29 days) between onset and diagnosis of preepidemic cases was longer than that (6.19 days) of later epidemic cases. Conclusion: According to the epidemic situation, we should gradually sort out the loopholes in previous work and at the same time make timely evaluation of the new problems arising under the new situation and constantly adjust the prevention and control strategies.
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Objective To systematically evaluate the effects of mechanical chest compression (CC) combined with manual CC and single-manual CC on the outcome indexes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA). Methods The relevant publicly published literatures about the effects of mechanical CC combined with manual CC and single-manual CC on the outcome of CPR were searched by using the following Chinese keywords for retrieval: "cardiac arrest, asystole, sudden death, artificial recovery, artificial press, artificial CC, unarmed CPR, unarmed resuscitation, unarmed compressions, unarmed chest compressions, unarmed, artificial, resuscitation instrument, resuscitation machine, resuscitator, CPR, LUCAS, Autopulse, Thumper, MSCPR-1A"in databases such as China Biomedical Literature (CBM), VIP, Wanfang, and China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI) from their dates of foundation to March 11, 2019, and using the following key words in English "heart arrest, cardiac arrest, cardiopulmonary arrest, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Resuscitation, Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation, CPR, compression, mechanical, automatic, automated, load distributing band, LBD, Autopulse, LUCAS" to retrieve all the published articles especially concerning the topics on the application effects of mechanical combined with manual CC for IHCA patients' CPR in the America National Library database (PubMed), Excerpta Medica (EMbase), Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from the establishment of the databases to March 11, 2019. The indexes of outcomes included return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) rate, survival rate after hospital discharge and incidence of complications. The literatures were extracted independently by two reviewers, the qualities of the included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were evaluated according to the Cochrane bias risk assessment tool, and the qualities of the included observational studies were evaluated according to the literature quality assessment form (NOS). Meta analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software, and publication bias was assessed by using funnel plot. Results Twenty-one studies were enrolled, including 11 RCT articles and 10 observational studies; there were 2 005 participants. The results of this Meta-analysis showed that compared with manual CC, the ROSC rate and after discharge survival rate of IHCA patients were obviously higher in combined CC group [ROSC: odds ratio (OR) = 2.50, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 2.03-3.09, P < 0.000 01; discharge survival rate: OR = 2.71, 95%CI = 1.91-3.85, P < 0.000 01]; the incidence of complications of combined CC was lower than that in single manual CC (OR = 0.30, 95%CI = 0.13-0.68, P = 0.004). The funnel plots indicated that there was no apparent bias in the ROSC; because the enrolled studies were relatively few, it was difficult to evaluate the symmetrical characteristics of the funnel plots for discharge survival rate and the complication rate. Conclusions For IHCA patients, combined CC can improve ROSC, discharge survival rate, and reduce the occurrence of complications. It is suggested that during the actual rescue of IHCA patients, it is better to use combined CC, that is to say, manual CC should be adopted immediately in the early stage and then replace the mechanical CC device as soon as possible.
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Objective To explore the feasibility and efficacy of transcatheter closure of ventricular septal defect (VSD) through radial artery combined femoral vein approach. Methods A total of 11 patients with congenital VSD, who were admitted to authors' hospital during the period from June 2017 to November2017, were enrolled in this study. The patterns of lesion included intracristal type (n=3) and perimembranous type (n=8), and in 3 patients the VSD was associated with concant ventricular septal aneurysm. Transcatheter closure of VSD via radial approach was carried out in all patients. The mean age of the patients was (37.82±12.44) years old, and the average body weight was (62.79±14.95) kg. The transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) showed that the mean diameter of VSD was (5.87±1.91)mm. The effect of transcatheter closure therapy was assessed by intraoperative TTE and left ventriculography. All patients were followed up with electrocardiogram and TTE at 24 hours and one, 3, 6 months after transcatheter closure therapy. Results Successful closure was achieved in 10 patients, and one patient had to be transferred to surgery because the catheter could not pass through the defect. The mean diameter of the implanted occluders was (7.50±3.60)mm, the average procedural time and fluoroscopy time were (47.20±5.45) min and (13.00±3.65) min respectively. The postoperative average in-bed time was (99.00±11.97) min. Two patients developed radial artery spasm during the operation. During the follow-up period lasting for a mean of (3.50±1.90) months, no serious complications, such as dropping of occluder, residual shunt, atrioventricular block, aortic regurgitation, radial artery occlusion, etc. occurred in the 10 patients. Conclusion For the treatment of VSD, transcatheter closure through radial artery combined with femoral vein approach is safe and effective. Therefore, this technique is worthy of clinical application.
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Objective: To identify the relationship between Dietary Diversity and Nutritional Status in Elderly Inpatient. Methods: 136 elderly inpatients were selected in a tertiary hospital in Yunnan Provience. Food frequency questionnaire was used to collect dietary information and DDS9 was calculated; We used Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) to evaluate nutritional status, then analyzed the effect of Dietary Diversity on nutritional status in elderly inpatients. Results:① Patients at risk of malnutrition and with confirmed malnutrition in participants were 46. 3％, 33. 8％,, respectively. ② The incidence of insufficient diversity, moderate diversity and adequate diversity were 19. 9％, 77. 2％ and 2. 9％, respectively; the total scores of dietary diversity were (4. 68 ± 1. 27). However, apart from vegetables, the rest 8 kinds of food all showed lower scores of intra-group variety; while the consumption of beans, nuts and seafood was seriously inadequate. ③ The incidence of malnutrition risk and confirmed malnutrition in insufficient-diversity group and moderate-diversity group were 5. 109 times and 1. 094 times of adequacy group (P＜ 0. 05). Conclusion: Dietary diversity is strongly associated with putritional status in elderly inpatient. Improvement of dietary diversity status is potentially beneficial in the prevention of malnutrition.
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Objective To investigate the expression of HOXB7 in colorectal cancer and its relationship with clinicopathological factors and prognosis.Methods Eighty-seven patients with colorectal cancer were retrospectively analyzed.The expression of HOXB7 mRNA and protein in colorectal cancer tissues was detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical methods.Their correlation with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis was analyzed.Results The relative expression level of HOXB7 mRNA in colorectal cancer tissue was(42.4 ± 16.3),which was significantly higher than(19.4 ± 7.6) in the paracancerous normal tissue(P＜0.05).The positive expression rate of HOXB7 protein in colorectal cancer tissues was 73.9％,which was obviously higher than 10.3 ％ in the paracancerous normal tissue (P＜ 0.05);expression of HOXB7 protein was significantly correlated with the TNM stage,lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis(P＜0.05),moreover the patients with HOXB7 positive expression had poorer prognosis.Conclusion HOXB7 protein expression is up-regulated in colorectal cancer tissue,and its high expression is correlated with the clinicopathological factors and prognosis in the patients with colorectal cancer.
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Objective To ascertain iodine nutritional status of pregnant women and children in Shanghai since the implementation of "Salt Iodine Content Standard" in 2011.Methods By population proportion probability sampling,30 sub-districts(towns) were chosen,with one primary school was randomly sampled in eachsub-districts(towns).And 50 students aged 8-10 in every school were randomly selected to test their urinary iodine and thyroid volume,and their household iodized salt concentration determined.And 20 pregnant women were selected to test their urinary iodine in each sub-districts(towns).Results The goiter rate of 8-10 aged children was 0.9%.The medians of urinary iodine concentration of 8-10 aged children and pregnant women were 171.40 μg/L and 126.53 μg/L,respectively.The consumption rates of qualified iodized salt were 72.52%.The median of iodine content concentration in salt was 24.8 mg/kg.Conclusion In Shanghai,the goiter rate of children was lower than that of the national standard.Iodine nutritional status of children was proper,but the pregnant women were deficient in iodine nutrition.Therefore,iodized salt concentration should be improved to the optimal level.Health education for pregnant women should be strengthened.
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Objective To assess the changes in iodine status and dietary iodine intake among Shanghai residents since common salt was iodized 20 years ago.Methods As-CE Catalysis spectrophotometry was used to determinate the urine iodine level in school-age children,pregnant women,wet nurse and adults of Shanghai between 1995 and 2015.B ultrasonic was used to determinate the thyroid volume of school-age children.And then the goiter rate was calculated.Direct titration or arbitration methods were applied to detect the household salt iodine level quantitatively.The survey was conducted by using 3 days 24-hour dietary questionnaire and condiment weighing methods to analyze the level of iodine intake and sources for the cases of all iodized salt consumption and all consumption of non-iodized salt.Results The median urine iodine concentration (UIC) of school age children was 72.3 μg/L in 1995,rose to 214-231 μg/L from 1997-1999,and then became stable between 100 μg/L and 200 μg/L since 2002.The goiter rate was below 5% among children aged 8-10 from 1995-2015 in Shanghai.The median urine iodine of pregnant women was between 126.5 μg/L and 139.8 μg/L.The median UIC of other populations were all between 100 μg/L and 200 μg/L: with adults,lactating women,infants and young children and women of childbearing age,the median urinary iodine was 138.4,123.1-131.1,150.1 and 125.6 μg/L.The qualified iodized salt at household consumption rate was 90% from 2001 to 2009,the percentage declined year by year from 2010.In the cases of all taking iodine salt,the median iodine intake volume for male aged 7-10,11-13,14-18 and over 18 was 200.3,235.5,252.7 and 215.4 μg/L;women aged 7-10,11-13,14-18 and over 18 was 193.0,213.8,208.3 and 186.1 μg/L.The contribution rate of iodine salt in the diet were 51.6%-54.1% and 49.1%-53% in men and women.Kelp,seaweed and fish and shrimp on the contribution of iodine are 7.6%-16.6% and 4.5%-7.4%.Conclusion In the past about 20 years,iodine nutritional status of residents in Shanghai has stabilized totally in a appropriate and safe level.However,the iodine nutrition of pregnant women was insufficient.As iodized salt is the major source of dietary iodine in coastal areas,it is still necessary to continue the policy of universal salt iodized in Shanghai to ensure residents'' needs for iodine and control the risk of iodine deficiency.
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Objective To apply the 'auto-regressive integrated moving average product seasonal model' in predicting the number of hand,foot and mouth disease in Shaanxi province.Methods In Shaanxi province,the trend of hand,foot and mouth disease was analyzed and tested,under the use of R software,between January 2009 and June 2015.Multiple seasonal ARIMA model was then fitted under time series to predict the number of hand,foot and mouth disease in 2016 and 2017.Results Seasonal effect was seen in hand,foot and mouth disease in Shaanxi province.A multiple seasonal ARIMA (2,1,0) × (1,1,0)12 was established,with the equation as (1-B)(1-B12)(1-1.000B)Ln(Xt) =(1-0.532B-0.363B2) (1-0.644B12-0.454B212)εt.The mean of absolute error and the relative error were 531.535 and 0.114,respectively when compared to the simulated number of patients from Jun to Dec in 2015.Results under the prediction of multiple seasonal ARIMA model showed that the numbers of patients in both 2016 and 2017 were similar to that of 2015 in Shaanxi province.Conclusion Multiple seasonal ARIMA (2,1,0) × (1,1,0)12 model could be used to successfully predict the incidence of hand,foot and mouth disease in Shaanxi province.
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Objective To apply the 'auto-regressive integrated moving average product seasonal model' in predicting the number of hand,foot and mouth disease in Shaanxi province.Methods In Shaanxi province,the trend of hand,foot and mouth disease was analyzed and tested,under the use of R software,between January 2009 and June 2015.Multiple seasonal ARIMA model was then fitted under time series to predict the number of hand,foot and mouth disease in 2016 and 2017.Results Seasonal effect was seen in hand,foot and mouth disease in Shaanxi province.A multiple seasonal ARIMA (2,1,0) × (1,1,0)12 was established,with the equation as (1-B)(1-B12)(1-1.000B)Ln(Xt) =(1-0.532B-0.363B2) (1-0.644B12-0.454B212)εt.The mean of absolute error and the relative error were 531.535 and 0.114,respectively when compared to the simulated number of patients from Jun to Dec in 2015.Results under the prediction of multiple seasonal ARIMA model showed that the numbers of patients in both 2016 and 2017 were similar to that of 2015 in Shaanxi province.Conclusion Multiple seasonal ARIMA (2,1,0) × (1,1,0)12 model could be used to successfully predict the incidence of hand,foot and mouth disease in Shaanxi province.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of thyroid nodules (TNs) and its relationship with urine iodine concentrations (UICs) after the regional rapid economic growth and lifestyle changes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the general population aged 15-69 years. A questionnaire regarding general and personal characteristics and relevant information was administered. Ultrasonography of the thyroid was performed, and serum triiodothyronine (T3), tetraiodothyronine (T4), serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free tetraiodothyronine (FT4), thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), and TSH receptor antibody (TRAb) levels were measured for each individual subject.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The prevalence rates of TNs in the whole population, females and males were 27.76%, 34.04%, and 21.60%, respectively. The prevalence of multiple nodules increased with age, whereas the prevalence peaks differed between males and females. The median UICs in the whole population and females with non-TNs were higher than those of subjects with TNs (P=0.0035, P=0.0068). The median UICs in subjects with a single TN were higher than those in subjects with multiple TNs (P=0.0164, P=0.0127). The result showed a U-shaped curve relationship between UIC and prevalence of TNs. The prevalence of TNs was the lowest when the UIC was 140-400 μg/L.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The prevalence of TNs was nearly 30% and increased with age. The relationship between UIC and prevalence of TNs is U-shaped, with an increase in risk when the UIC was <140 μg/L and >400 μg/L. Very low or high UIC levels need attention and correction.</p>
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Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , China , Epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Iodine , Urine , Nutritional Status , Prevalence , Thyroid Nodule , EpidemiologyABSTRACT
In the storage of Radix Ophiopogonis, browning often happens to cause potential risk with regard to safety. Previously few reports investigate the browning of Radix Ophiopogonis. In this research, the causes and mechanisms of the browning of Radix Ophiopogonis were preliminarily elucidated. Content determination by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and spectrophotometry, enzyme activity determination by colorimetry, and morphological observation by electron microscopy were performed in the present study. Uniform design and three-dimensional response surfaces were applied to investigate the relationship between browning and storage factors. The cortex cell wall of browned Radix Ophiopogonis was ruptured. Compared with the normal Radix Ophiopogonis, cellulase and polyphenol oxidase enzymes were activated, the levels of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), total sugars, and reducing sugars were increased, while the levels of polysaccharides and methylophiopogonanone A were decreased in browned Radix Ophiopogonis. The relationship between the storage factors and degree of browning (Y) could be described by following correlation equation: Y = - 0.625 4 + 0.020 84 × X3 + 0.001 514 × X1 × X2 - 0.000 964 4 × X2 × X3. Accompanied with browning under storage conditions, the chemical composition of Radix Ophiopogonis was altered. Following the activation of cellulase, the rupture of the cortex cell wall and the outflow of cell substances flowed out, which caused the Radix Ophiopogonis tissue to become soft and sticky. The main causes of the browning were the production of 5-HMF, the activation of polyphenol oxidase, Maillard reactions and enzymatic browning. Browning could be effectively prevented when the air relative humidity (HR), temperature, and moisture content were under 25% RH, 12 °C and 18%, respectively.
Subject(s)
Carbohydrates , Catechol Oxidase , Cell Wall , Cellulase , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Food Storage , Methods , Furaldehyde , Humidity , Maillard Reaction , Ophiopogon , Chemistry , TemperatureABSTRACT
To study the effect of Wansheng Huafeng Dan (WSHFD) and mercuric chloride on renal mercury (Hg) extraction transporters (Oat1, Oct2), renal mercury excretion transporters (Mrp4, Mate2K), renal mercury accumulation and kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1). The ancient prescription of WSHFD containing 10-fold Hg caused much lower renal mercury accumulation and renal toxicity than HgCl2 in rats, with less effect on renal transporters than HgCl2. The above indicators had no significant difference in WSHFDO, WSHFD2 and WSHFD3 groups, indicating no effect of WSHFD with reduced or no cinnabar.
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Animals , Male , Rats , Ardisia , Chemistry , Biological Transport , Cell Adhesion Molecules , Genetics , Metabolism , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Gene Expression , Kidney , Metabolism , Mercuric Chloride , Metabolism , Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins , Genetics , Metabolism , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate intake of water in different periods of a day of primary and middle school students in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Chengdu of China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 5914 primary and middle school students from Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Chengdu were recruited using multiple-stage random sampling method from September to October 2011. Among them, 5868 students completed the survey. The information of amounts and types of drinking in 8 time periods, morning, afternoon, night as well as in meal and non-meal time in 24 hours of a day was recorded by subjects for seven consecutive days using a quantitative measurement. This information was analyzed by different periods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The amount of drinking water among 8 periods of a day was (99 ± 101), (130 ± 106), (191 ± 155), (96 ± 107), (246 ± 172), (90 ± 101), (188 ± 135) and (50 ± 81) ml, respectively for before breakfast, during breakfast, after breakfast, during lunch, after lunch, during dinner, after dinner, and midnight (F = 1679.77, P < 0.01). Based on three periods of a day, the amount of drinking water in the morning (420 ± 242) ml was the statistically significantly most, followed by afternoon (341 ± 199) ml, and the least in the evening (327 ± 195) ml (F = 325.23, P < 0.01). The distribution trend of plain water in three periods was the same as total drinking water, with (270 ± 209), (250 ± 179) and (224 ± 177) ml, respectively (F = 84.89, P < 0.01) ; but beverage consumption was the most in the morning(151 ± 133) ml, then in the evening (103 ± 122) ml, and the least in the afternoon (91 ± 199) ml (F = 373.56, P < 0.01). The daily plain water consumption in meal time was (316 ± 247) ml, while it in non-meal time was (773 ± 445) ml with statistically significant difference (Z = 65.2, P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in meal time between plain water (165 ± 194) ml and beverage (151 ± 152) ml (Z = 0.59, P = 0.56) whilst plain water (579 ± 408) ml in non-meal time was significantly higher than beverages (194 ± 204) ml (Z = 64.5, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The amount of drinking water of primary and middle school students in different periods of a day was different in four cities of China.</p>
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Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Beverages , China , Diet Surveys , Drinking Behavior , Drinking Water , Students , Surveys and Questionnaires , Time Factors , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the mitochondrial toxicities induced by zidovudine (AZT) and adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) antiviral drugs using a rat model system.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twelve healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three equal groups and treated by oral gavage with zidovudine (125 mg/kg/day), adefovir (40 mg/kg/day), or saline (equal volume) for 28 days. The rats' body weights were measured once a week, and blood was collected every two weeks for blood and biochemical tests. All animals were sacrificed at the end of treatment, and liver, kidney, skeletal muscle, and cardiac muscle were collected by necropsy. Mitochondria were isolated from the respective tissue samples, and the activities of respiratory chain complexes were measured. DNA was purified from each sample and the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content was monitored by quantitative real time PCR. Mitochondrial morphology was analyzed under electron microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No significant adverse effects, including body weight loss, abnormal blood or biochemistry, were observed in rats treated with AZT or ADV. The activities of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase in liver and cardiac muscle were slightly decreased in rats treated with AZT (liver: 9.44+/-3.09 vs. 17.8+/-12.38, P?=?0.21; cardiac muscle: 32.74+/-5.52 vs. 24.74+/-20.59, P?=?0.28; kidney: 4.42+/-1.53 vs. 14.45+/-13.75, P?=?0.18; skeletal muscle: 33.75+/-8.74 vs. 40.04+/-2.49, P?=?0.45). The mtDNA content was significantly decreased in cardiac muscle of AZT-treated rats (cardiac muscle: 0.15+/-0.13 vs. 0.32+/-0.42, P?=?0.85). The morphology of mitochondria in liver, kidney, skeletal muscle, and cardiac muscle was significantly altered in the AZT-treated rats and included disappearance of the outer membrane, severely damaged structure, and swollen or completely absent cristae. No obvious effects were noted in the ADV- or saline-treated rats.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Significant adverse effects related to mitochondrial toxicity were observed in rats treated with AZT. The slightly decreased mtDNA content in ADV-treated rats may suggest that this antiviral drug can also cause mitochondrial toxic effects.</p>
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Animals , Female , Rats , Adenine , DNA, Mitochondrial , Electron Transport Complex IV , Metabolism , Kidney , Liver , Mitochondria , Metabolism , Mitochondria, Heart , Mitochondria, Liver , Mitochondria, Muscle , Muscle, Skeletal , Myocardium , Organophosphonates , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , ZidovudineABSTRACT
It is reported that type Ⅲ interferon (IFN-λ) has an anti-tumor effect on melanoma,hepatocellular carcinoma,esophageal carcinoma and fibrosarcoma in recent years.IFN-λ could not only inhibit melanoma metastasis,but also induce cell apoptosis;its constitutively expression could activate natural killer cells,affecting hepatocellular carcinoma growth;IFN-λ could induce cells of G1 phase in esophageal carcinoma directly to stagnation or apoptosis;IFN-λ could cause native and adaptive immune response to suppress fibrosarcoma growth.Research on the anti-tumor mechanisms of IFN-λ will provide new ideas for clinical tumor therapy.
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Fraxinellone, the major component of Cortex Dictamni, is naturally degraded limonids compound. Fraxinellone has significant anti-inflammatory activity in acute liver injury model. However, the low solubility and permeability of fraxinellone limited its potential application and even therapeutic effects. The aim of the paper is to increase oral bioavailability of fraxinellone, thus improving its hepatoprotection effect in vivo. We evaluated the effects of different pH values and different solubilizer (PEG 6000, PVP K30, HP-beta-CD, F68 and SDS) on the solubility of fraxinellone. The results showed that HP-beta-CD increased solubility of fraxinellone up to 155 times compared to that of water. More than 2. 1 mg mL1 fraxinellone can be resolved when adding 20% HP-beta-CD. Mouse acute liver injury model induced hy CCl4 was used to evaluate in vivo activity of fraxinellone with or without HP-beta-CD. The result shows that the hepatoprotective activity of fraxinellone in 20% HP-beta-CD solution has been significantly improved compared with that of fraxinellone solution without HP-beta-CD: the former inhibited 59 percent the increase of enzyme activity of ALT in liver, while the latter only inhibited 20 percent. A LC-MS/MS method was also developed to determine the oral bioavailability of fraxinellone. Fraxinellone solution with or without HP-betaCD were administered intra-gastrically to rats, and it was found that the bioavailahility of fraxinellone with HP-beta-CD was 23%, while only 5% without HP-beta-CD. The result showed that HP-beta-CD can significantly increase the solubility and permeability of fraxinellone, and improve bioavailability 3. 5 fold in vivo acute liver injury model as well as administration.
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Animals , Female , Male , Mice , Rats , Benzofurans , Chemistry , Pharmacokinetics , Pharmacology , Biological Availability , Carbon Tetrachloride , Toxicity , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Liver , Mice, Inbred ICR , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , SolubilityABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the change of schisandrin in Shengmaisan (SMS) and decomposed group.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The HPLC-UV was used to determine schisandrin in SMS and decomposed group.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>To extract Schisandra chinensis with ginseng, ophiopogon, general ginsenoside or ginsenoside Rg1 could promote the content of schisandrin.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Saponin is propitious to extracting the schisandrin.</p>
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Cyclooctanes , Chemistry , Drug Combinations , Drug Interactions , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Ginsenosides , Chemistry , Lignans , Chemistry , Ophiopogon , Chemistry , Panax , Chemistry , Plants, Medicinal , Chemistry , Polycyclic Compounds , Chemistry , Schisandra , ChemistryABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Breynia fruticosa.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Various chromatographic techniques were employed for isolation and purification of the constituents. The structures were elucidated by chemical evidence and spectral methods.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Seven compounds were obtained and identified by spectroscopic methods and compared with authentic samples as aviculin [(+)-isolariciresinol-9'-rhamno-pyranoside], friedelan-3beta-ol, friedelin, arborinone, isoarborinol, 5-hydroxy-7,8,4'-trimethoxy flavone, 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-3-methyl-acetophenone.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All compounds were firstly isolated from B. genus, furthermore, aviculin was isolated from Euphorbiaceae for the first time.</p>
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Euphorbiaceae , Chemistry , Glycosides , Chemistry , Plant Components, Aerial , Chemistry , Plants, Medicinal , Chemistry , Triterpenes , ChemistryABSTRACT
Objective To study the mechanisms of Curcumin-induced apoptosis on human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901.Methods SC,C-7901 cells were treated with various concentrations of Curcumin and the growth inhibition rates of it were accessed by MTT method.Apoptosis of gastric cancer cells were in- spected by flow cytometry.The expression of Fas and survivin in gastric cancer cells were evaluated by west- ern blot.Results Curcumin could effectively inhibit the growth of gastric cancer cells in dose-dependent and time-dependent manners,the sub-peak appeared and the apoptotic rate was increased.The expressions of Fas was higher in Western blot,meanwhile,the expressions of survivin was decreased.Conclusion Curcumin could significantly inhibit the growth and induce apoptosis of gastric cancer cells(SGC-7901),Curcumin could probably through up-regulating Fas and down-regulating surviving to induce apoptosis.